Ayacucho, city in southern Peru, capital of Ayacucho Department. It is an agricultural, manufacturing, and educational center. The National University of San Cristóbal de Huamanga (1677) is here. The city was founded by the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro in 1539. Near Ayacucho on December 9, 1824, the last Spanish army to set foot on the continent was defeated by the combined forces of Peru and Colombia. The city was called Huamanga until 1825. Population (1998 estimate) 118,960.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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