Odessa, city, seat of Ector County, western Texas; incorporated 1927. It is a commercial and manufacturing center situated in the Permian Basin, a major petroleum- and livestock-producing area. Principal products include oil-drilling equipment, petrochemicals, carbon black, and plastic items. In the city are the University of Texas of the Permian Basin; a junior college; the site of the Globe of the Great Southwest, a reproduction of the Shakespearean Globe Theatre in England; and the Presidential Museum, containing items associated with United States presidents. The Odessa Crater, one of the largest meteorite craters in the United States, is nearby. The community, established in 1881 as a railroad stop, is probably named for Odesa (Odessa) in Ukraine. The settlement grew rapidly after the discovery in the 1920s of great oil deposits in the area. Population 90,027 (1980); 89,699 (1990); 90,943 (2000).Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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