Newton, city, Middlesex County, northeastern Massachusetts, on the Charles River, a residential and commercial community near Boston; incorporated as a city 1873. It comprises some 13 villages, including Chestnut Hill, Newton, Newton Centre, Newton Lower Falls, and West Newton. Machinery, paper, concrete products, and printed materials are produced. Boston College (1863), Andover Newton Theological School (1807), several junior colleges, and the Longwood Cricket Club (a noted tennis center) are here. The community was settled in 1639 as part of Cambridge. Known first as Cambridge Village and then as New Cambridge, it was renamed Newtowne in 1691 (shortened to Newton in 1766) mainly to distinguish it from Cambridge. The coming of the railroad in 1834 fostered its growth as a suburb of Boston. Population 83,622 (1980); 82,585 (1990); 83,829 (2000).Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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