With boundaries coextensive with Marion County, Indianapolis has a land area of 1026.7 sq km (396.4 sq mi). Included within that area are the enclaves of Lawrence, Beech Grove, Speedway, and Southport. These small communities retained local autonomy when Marion County and Indianapolis merged. But because the Indianapolis mayor's power extends to the entire county in many matters, residents of the four communities can vote for the mayor of Indianapolis and some of its council members.
Indianapolis is at the core of a metropolitan region covering nine counties: Boone, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Madison, Marion, Morgan, and Shelby. Encompassing 9125.3 sq km (3523.3 sq mi), the region contains a number of smaller established cities, including Anderson, Carmel, and Greenwood. With few natural barriers to restrict its growth, Indianapolis has spread outward rather than upward, and the city has a relatively low population density.
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