The urban area of Honolulu covers 265 sq km (102 sq mi). Honolulu's metropolitan area, comprising the City and County of Honolulu, has a total land area of 1,555 sq km (600 sq mi).
Much of Honolulu's growth and development has concentrated along the southern coast of Oahu. This area is framed to the east by the remnants of a large extinct volcano known as Diamond Head and includes Waikiki, located west of Diamond Head; the downtown area, situated near Honolulu Harbor; Honolulu International Airport; and newer communities in the western part of the island. Two parallel mountain ranges of volcanic origin, the Koolau and Waianae mountains, run north to south across much of the island. The ridges of these mountains form sheer cliff faces and numerous valleys, creating a scenic backdrop to the city.
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