Thompson, city in central Manitoba, Canada, on the Burntwood River. The community was established after large nickel-ore deposits were discovered here in 1956, and the economy revolves around nickel processing. Thompson is also an administrative, commercial, and transportation center for northern Manitoba. Annual events held here include the Kinsmen Winter Carnival. The city was incorporated in 1970. Population 14,701 (1986); 14,385 (1996).