Sivas, city in central Turkey, capital of Sivas Province, on the Kizilirmak River. A trade center and industrial city, Sivas has railway repair shops and industries manufacturing rugs, bricks, textiles, and cement. Iron ore is mined in the surrounding area. Republic University (1973) is here. Built on the site of ancient Sebaste, or Sebastia, the city flourished under the Romans, the Byzantines, and the Seljuks. In the late 12th century Sivas was part of the Seljuk empire of Rum; it fell to the Mongols before being incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century. In 1919 Sivas was the site of a nationalist congress held by the Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk). Population (1996 estimate) 247,566.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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