Perth, burgh, Perth and Kinross unitary authority, eastern Scotland, on the Tay River. Perth is the commercial center of a fertile agricultural region known for its raspberries; it is also the site of famous cattle markets. Industries include printing and dye works and the manufacture of whisky, beer, linen goods, and glass. The most famous landmark is the Church of Saint John the Baptist (largely 15th century), where Protestant reformer John Knox preached his famous sermon against idolatry in 1559. Also in Perth are Saint Ninian's Episcopal Cathedral (19th century) and a museum and an art gallery. Perth is known as the ancient capital of Scotland, a status it held until James I, king of Scotland, was murdered here in 1437. In 1298 Perth was captured and fortified by Edward I, king of England. It was retaken in 1311 by Robert Bruce. The town was again held by the English from 1335 to 1339. Perth's port, of importance during the Middle Ages, is now of relatively minor significance. Population 41,453 (1991).Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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