Lanark, burgh in South Lanarkshire unitary authority, southwestern Scotland. Designated a royal burgh before 1200, the town of Lanark is located on the Clyde River, 37 km (23 mi) southeast of Glasgow, in a rural farming area. Nearby is the industrial community of New Lanark that Scottish industrialist David Dale and British inventor Richard Arkwright established in 1785. Its cotton mills were once powered by the falls of the Clyde, located to the south. In the early 1800s New Lanark was the site of the famous experiments in factory organization initiated by British reformer Robert Owen. Population 8,877 (1991).Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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