Armagh, town, southern Northern Ireland, administrative center of Armagh District. Armagh is a market center and transportation junction with some light industry, notably linen weaving. It is the seat of archbishops of the Roman Catholic church and the Protestant Church of Ireland, and it has two cathedrals. In the town are a museum and the famous Armagh Astronomy Center, which has a planetarium and an observatory (1790). In the 5th century AD St. Patrick founded a church here on the site of a fort, Ard Macha, thus marking the community's emergence as the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland. Population (1991) 14,640.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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