Cuenca, city and capital of Cuenca Province, east central Spain. The city of Cuenca is situated on the western border of the wooded Serranía de Cuenca mountains, 139 km (86 mi) southeast of Madrid. Cuenca lies at an elevation of 924 m (3030 ft) above sea level. The city has cold winters, hot summers, and an average annual rainfall of 580 mm (23 in).
The older section of Cuenca rests on a steeply sloping wedge of land between two streams. The streets are narrow, crooked, and steep, and the houses are low, although those along the streams have a number of stories below street level. To the west is the newer quarter, where the industries are located. Overlooking the city from a hill to the east is an ancient castle. Below it is a 13th-century Gothic cathedral.
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