Jerez de la Frontera, city, southwestern Spain, in Cádiz Province, in Andalucía, near the Atlantic Ocean and Cádiz. Situated in a fertile agricultural region, it is a commercial center for fruit, vegetables, and grains as well as livestock, cork, and timber. Jerez is the sherry wine capital of the world; the word sherry is derived from Xerez, the former name of the city. Cognac, bottles, barrels, and cement are also produced in Jerez. The picturesque city has narrow, winding streets and many wine cellars. Architectural monuments include a Moorish fortress, the 15th-century Church of Santiago, the Gothic Church of San Miguel, and the ruins of San Francisco Convent. Jerez was under Moorish control from 711 to 1264, when it was recovered by King Alfonso X of León and Castile. Population (1998 estimate) 181,602.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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