Kostroma, city, central European Russia, at the confluence of the Volga and Kostroma rivers. The capital of Kostroma Oblast, it is an industrial center noted for the manufacture of linen; machinery and footwear also are produced. Points of interest include Uspensky Cathedral (founded 13th century, reconstructed late 18th century). Probably founded in 1152, Kostroma was annexed by Moscow in the early 14th century and became a manufacturing center in the 19th century. Population (1995) 294,369.
