Cheju, city in South Korea, on northern Cheju Island, the capital of Cheju Province, on Cheju Strait. In an agricultural area producing grain, soybeans, sweet potatoes, and cotton, Cheju is a fishing port. Woven goods, bamboo products, potash, and iodine are produced here. The city, a former penal colony, is the site of Cheju College (1952). On the island of Cheju, the Mongol leader Kublai Khan built ships to invade Japan in 1273. The island was made a separate province in 1946, and the city was chartered in 1955. From the 17th century, the island was called Quelpart by Western geographers. Under Japanese rule (1910-1945) the city was called Saishu. Population (1995) 258,509.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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