Gwalior, city, central India, in Madhya Pradesh State, near Agra. The new section of the city, called Lashkar, a few miles south of the old city, is the site of factories producing cotton, yarn, paint, ceramics, chemicals, and leather products. The nucleus of Gwalior is a citadel crowning an isolated rock about 91 m (300 ft) high, 3.2 km (2 mi) long, and 823 m (2700 ft) wide. The rock is said to have been a stronghold for more than ten centuries. On the eastern base of the rock is the old city of Gwalior, which contains a noted white sandstone mosque, palaces, rock temples, and statues of archaeological and architectural interest. In the city is Jiwaji University (1964). Gwalior was the capital of the princely state of Gwalior until 1948 and the summer capital of Madhya Bharat State from 1948 to 1956, when Madhya Bharat became part of Madhya Pradesh. Population (1991) 690,765.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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