Kurnool, city in southern India, in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It served as the capital of Andhra Pradesh from 1953 until 1956 when Hyderabad became the capital. Kurnool lies on the Deccan Plateau on the Tungabhadra River. Recognizing its strategic location, rulers of the Hindu Vijayanagar kingdom (1336-1565) built a fort on the site, which was taken over by Muslims. Although the fort was later destroyed, the ruins of a palace, an ancient wall, and bastions still stand on the bluff. Household industry, especially artistic handicrafts, is important to Kurnool's economy. Manufactures include specialized cotton textiles and hydrogenated oil made from groundnuts (peanuts) grown in the region. The city is also an important regional trade center. A major rail line and a national highway serve Kurnool. The nearest airport is in Hyderabad. Kurnool has several colleges, all affiliated with Andhra University. The majority of the population is Hindu, although Muslims make up a significant minority. Population (1991) 236,800.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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