Yingkou, city in northeastern China, in Liaoning province. It is located on the Hun River near its mouth at the Gulf of Liaodong. The main economic activities are the production of salt (gathered from local salt pans), fishing, and the manufacture of machinery, paper, cotton textiles, and petroleum products. The city is connected by a branch line to the ShenyangDalian- railroad.
Yingkou began to develop in the early 19th century as a river port. When Western powers tried to increase trade in China during the Second Opium War (1856-1860), Niuchuang, just upstream from Yingkou, was opened to foreign trade. Problems with silt in the river, however, made it an unsatisfactory port, and Yingkou took its place beginning in 1864. Europeans referred to Yingkou as Newchwang, for Niuchuang, the former port. For the rest of the 19th century, Yingkou was an important port for exports from Manchuria (what is now northeastern China), especially soybeans, bean cake (used for fertilizer), and vegetable oil. The construction of a railroad to Dalian in the early 20th century, however, diverted much of Yingkou's business to that port, which had less silt and did not freeze over in winter. Population (1991) 434,686.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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