Haikou, also Hai-k'ou or Hoihow, city in southern China, largest city, and main port of Hainan Province. Hainan Province consists of Hainan Island, which is south of Guangdong Province in the South China Sea. Manufactured products of Haikou include processed food, cement, and machinery. Originally opened to foreign trade in 1876 as the seaport for Qiongshan, the city developed rapidly while under Japanese control (1939-1945). It was returned to Chinese administration in 1945 and became an industrial center for the island after 1949. Population (1991) 280,153.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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