Hefei, also Ho-fei, city, eastern China, capital of Anhui Province, an industrial and transportation center in the lower Yangtze River valley. Manufactures include machine tools, chemicals, aluminum, and textiles. Known also as Lu-chou (Luchow), Hefei was founded on its present site during the Song (Sung) dynasty (960-1279), just south of an older city of importance since the 8th century BC. In the 10th century AD, the independent Wu Kingdom briefly maintained its capital here. Modern industrialization, begun in the 1930s in association with the development of the Anhui coalfield to the north, accelerated after 1949 with the construction of modern textile mills and an iron and steel complex. Hefei replaced Anqing as the capital of Anhui Province in 1949. Population (1991) 964,650.Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2001
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